Treatment of the HIV-infection

Unlike other infectious diseases, HIV cannot be cured. Thus, the aim of the therapy is to delay the course of infection, to avoid the occurrence of diseases and to enable a healthy and long life. Due to the availability of medication the life expectancy has increased substantially.

Aim of treatment is the delay of the multiplication of the virus and the stabilisation of the immune system. On the other hand, an effective therapy requires the regular and, in most cases, lifelong intake of drugs. Viral resistance may develop when drugs are not taken regularly. With the occurrence of resistances, therapy may become ineffective.

Drugs that are used for the HIV-infection, are called “antiretroviral therapy” or “ART”. Normally, a combination of different substances is used.


Presently, 5 different categories of substances are approved:

NRTI

 = 

Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase needed by HIV for multiplication purposes

NNRTI

 = 

Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase needed by HIV for multiplication purposes

PI

 = 

Protease Inhibitors: 
inhibit the enzyme protease which is needed by HIV for maturation

EI

 = 

Fusion Inhibitors: 
inhibit the fusion of HIV with the human cell

INI

 = 

Integrase Inhibitors:
inhibit the integration of viral RNA into the human cell

 

NRTI trade name

Generic name

Abbreviation

Combivir®

Zidovudin+Lamivudin

CBV

Epivir®

Lamivudin

3TC

Retrovir®

Zidovudin

AZT

Ziagen®

Abacavir

ABC

Kivexa®

Abacavir+Lamivudin

KVX

Trizivir®

Zidovudin+Lamivudin+Abacavir

TZV

Zerit®

Stavudin

D4T

Videx®

Didanosin

ddI

Emtriva®

Emtricitabin

FTC

Hivid®

Zalcitabin

ddC

Viread®

Tenofovir

TDF

Truvada®

Tenofovir+Emtricitabin

TVD

 

NRTI trade name

Generic name

Abbreviation

Sustiva®

Efavirenz

EFV

Viramune®

Nevirapin

NVP

Rescriptor®

Delavirdin

DLV

Intelence®

Etravirine

ETR

 

NRTI trade name

Generic name

Abbreviation

Agenerase®

Amprenavir

APV

Telzir®

Fosamprenavir

FPV

Crixivan®

Indinavir

IDV

Invirase 500®

Saquinavir

SQV

Kaletra®

Lopinavir/Ritonavir

LPV/r

Reyataz®

Atazanavir

ATV

Viracept®

Nelfinavir

NFV

Aptivus®

Tipranavir

TPV

Prezista®

Darunavir

DRV

Norvir®

Ritonavir

/r (RTV)

 

EI Handelsname

Generischer Name

Kürzel

Celsentri®

Maraviroc

MVC

Fuzeon®

Enfuvirtide

T-20

 

INI trade name

Generic name

Abbrevation

Isentress®

Raltegravir

RAL

 

For more information in German please check 
Antiretrovirale Therapie von Andreas Plettenberg und Thore Lorenzen, in Buch: Infektionskrankheiten der Haut, Thieme Verlag, 2010
or
HIV-infection- antiretroviral therapy

 

What is HIV?

Ways of transmission

HIV-Test

Course of the infection

Postexposure-prophylaxis (PEP)